Despite being a distinctly French opera with a decidedly French story, Dialogues of the Carmelites had its world premiere not in Paris, but at Milan's Teatro alla Scala—sung in Italian, as Francis Poulenc insisted the opera always be performed in the vernacular. While it's uncertain whether this recording captures the actual premiere, it features the opening night cast.

Virginia Zeani is a brilliant choice as Blanche (Bianca). The purity of her voice conveys the character's youth, yet she also unleashes a thrilling top register that is nothing short of ravishing, highlighting the character's strength of character. Leyla Gencer and Gigliola Frazzoni as Mère Marie and Madame Lidoine, respectively, are both vocally and dramatically well-matched, making their shared scenes particularly gripping. The casting of Eugenia Ratti as Sister Constance is an intriguing surprise—her voice is fuller than the typical soubrette, giving the character more dimension and preventing her from slipping into a mere archetype.

Gianna Pederzini, though past her prime for the Old Prioress' demanding music, brings a maternal warmth that adds emotional weight to the role. As an added luxury, Nicola Filacuridi appears as the Chevalier in a relatively small part, while Fiorenza Cossotto takes on the even smaller role of Sister Mathilde.

At the podium, Nino Sanzogno, known for his eclectic musical choices in Italy, embraces the opera's challenges with sensitivity. While some recordings favor brisker tempos, his approach emphasizes the many lyrical passages in Poulenc's deeply affecting score.